It is a place where shares of pubic listed companies are traded. The primary market is where companies float shares to the general public in an initial public offering (IPO) to raise capital,each and every country has its own stock exchange like the NEW YORK stock exchange is called NYSE (nickname "The Big Board").In stock market there two type of phrases: 1)bull market :- A bull market is when an investment's price rises over an extended period. The phrase is commonly used when describing securities, such as stocks, bonds, and commodities. 2)bear market:- Bear markets typically begin when investor confidence begins to wane following a period of more favorable stock prices. As investors grow increasingly pessimistic about the state of the market, they tend to sell off their investments in order to avoid losing money from the falling stock prices they anticipate.